Sunday, March 31, 2024

Easter Sunday - March 31, 2024

Holy Cross Monastery, West Park, NY

Br. Randy Greve
Easter Sunday, March 31, 2024

From St. Bonaventure:

“God is an intelligible space whose center is everywhere and circumference is nowhere.
God is within all things but not enclosed.
Outside all things but not excluded.
Above all things but not aloof.
Below all things but not debased.
God is supremely one and all-inclusive.
God is therefore ‘All in All’”.

The word “liturgy” means “the work of the people”. Liturgy is the witness to and embodiment of the transcendence of the categories of past, present, and future into a “now”.  When were God’s mighty acts? Yes. Liturgy exists within my participation, but is not contained by it; desires my presence but is not dependent on it.  The Holy Spirit is the source and inspiration for our aliveness to Christ in our midst.  We begin when we decide to look at what is. That is faithfulness.   Mere nostalgia for the past is not faithful, nor is our work added to lives which we own and possess.  In God’s sight, all of life is liturgy - we remember and live from the source and end of human life itself.

The Easter Vigil is the liturgy of all liturgies - nothing less than the very drama of creation being made alive in its proclamation in and among us.  Darkness is its opening act as earth and sky and heavenly bodies join in.  The joke among sacristans is that the six most complicated words in the Prayer Book are,  “In the darkness, fire is kindled”.  For those of us for whom this is an annual event, a part of our identities, we cannot imagine being anywhere else doing anything else this morning.  But we can think of family members or friends who would be perplexed by this work.

In our increasingly secular culture, liturgy is odd work -  weird, inconvenient, impractical, awkward, certainly uncomfortable at times.  We do not claim to produce anything tangible, to be guaranteed to be entertained or even sufficiently distracted - we promise none of the markers of attractive ways to spend time and attention in our culture.  We do believe that something unseen and mysterious is happening.  We believe that we are touching the very source of God’ covenant faithfulness to us and for us.  We began in darkness so that we might put our bodies into the dark night that precedes dawning, set ourselves first and fully in the embrace of the blackness of death and the grave and the womb of the world,  unable to see, to move, set groping for a glimmer, a flicker of light.  We gather to begin at the time before time when the universe has not yet, but is about to be, big-banged into existence.  And as humans, we are most human, most aligned with our image-bearing vocation as creatures, when through our senses and hearts, imaginations and doubts, enter the great drama of our existence.

So the work is to be “remembered” into the story when we forget, when distractions lead us into detachment and isolation, by acting it out from darkness into light, from despondency into terror, and then to greet hope and joy.

The gospels are the first liturgies, written to instruct and train catechumens and form the faithful within their unique perspective and community.  We would think that part of that instruction would be a firm grounding in the resurrection of Jesus by preserving appearances and sayings that assure the faithful that Christ is alive and in the midst of them.  But Mark, who is already a bit odd and doing his own thing in his Gospel, gives us a different Easter morning than Matthew, Luke, and John.  

The earliest and likely first ending of the gospel of Mark is 16:8:So they went out and fled from the tomb, for terror and amazement had seized them; and they said nothing to anyone, for they were afraid.  The lectionary includes the shorter ending of verse 9: And all that had been commanded them they told briefly to those around Peter. And afterwards Jesus himself sent out through them, from east to west, the sacred and imperishable proclamation of eternal salvation.   Likely some later scribe was copying along and got to verse 8, “... for they were afraid”, and thought, “well, that’s not a very Jesus-y way to end the gospel, now is it? I’ll fix that right up.” And thus an extra verse.  There is an even longer ending of Mark that I will not get into - read it yourself if you dare and if you decide to follow it literally do it far away from me.

So after Jesus has cast out demons, healed, taught, multiplied loaves and fishes, calmed the storm, been crucified and buried - now, on Easter morning, when it is finally time to pour on the celebration and unleash the fireworks and glory and find some relief from the unrelenting conflict and struggle - Christ has conquered death and the grave!  What do we get?  So they went out and fled from the tomb, for terror and amazement had seized them; and they said nothing to anyone, for they were afraid.

Resist the temptation to say, “yes, but.”  Before we get there (and there are six more Sundays yet to come), we enter an awful emptiness, the yawning chasm and chaos of the absence of a dead body that every expectation, every way of seeing reality assured these women would be present in this tomb as surely as the sun will rise.  A dead body lying there on that slab just as they had left it on Friday afternoon.  It is not there. An angel announces what has happened, what to do now, and they leave.  The gospel ends there, ends with the fear hanging in the air. No appearance, no word of peace - just the ultimate cliffhanger.

This is classic Mark.  He loves to leave teaching and parables unresolved, leaving questions unanswered/ He writes the gospel as a “fill in the blank” quiz as if to say, “and now what happens?” Write your response here in the margin.  We are all part of the story, processing in real time.  For this persecuted community, many exiled from home and family, excluded from the synagogues, hunted by Romans, the fireworks of glory and triumph are not where they are.  And so for us as well.  We may believe in resurrection - believe it to be the greatest news in the greatest story ever told - but that news does not, is not intended to, wipe away our grief and sorrow or make us forget our pain.  We can have both.  We can know that both are true.  Even at the empty tomb there is fear and pain and grief yet to live.  Sometimes we can’t get to the joy and celebration just yet. Some years, some periods of our lives, we are stopped cold in the awful dark emptiness, the terror and amazement, caught between the presence of death we expected and the presence of absence which bewilders us further. 

Rather than hasten to words of peace and assurance, hasten to touch Jesus’ feet or gaze at his wounds, might there be liturgy in the space between death and glory, the nothingness, the absence, the darkness where dwells our deepest fears and trembling hopes?  Those other moments will come.  But these women, the disciples, and all of us, must receive them in our own time.  If we rush past the dark emotions we may smile and act as if it is the dawning of new creation, but our hearts will still be in the tomb.  Liturgy is language and sign and movement.  It is also silence, absence, and stillness. We may not live in the tomb, but we must enter it.  It is a necessary place, but it is not home.  When we enter the tomb, enter the emptiness, we are in that place of coming undone and thus becoming the ones in whom the risen Christ dwells.  The risen Christ can and will dwell even in our terror and darkness, he does not wait for our joyful assurance, our personal inner fireworks.  Because he has conquered death by death, he can be present to my terror and take me with him through it. 

Mark knows that we will want a more comforting ending, which is why he does not include one.  He knows we will want him to finish the liturgy; tell us what it means, what to do.  He does not.  He leaves that up to us. He lets us proceed with what is next when we are ready.  The impulse to fix the ending of Mark is understandable, but I’m glad it ends the way it does.  Leave it as it is - at the end of verse 8.  It may take a while, we may flee far in terror and amazement, too afraid to say anything to anyone.  At the other end of our fleeing is home; the far country of fear becomes peace - Christ will not abandon us - we cannot outrun him.  The center of life in the risen Christ is everywhere; his circumference is nowhere.  This is just the end of the gospel, not the end of the story.  The story continues until all things are made new.  It has a perfect ending.  We are the ending.  Amen.

Friday, March 29, 2024

Maundy Thursday - March 28, 2024

Holy Cross Monastery, West Park, NY

Br. Josep Martinez-Cubero
Maundy Thursday, March 28, 2024

 Click here for an audio of the sermon



The three readings tonight have three common themes: gathering, a common meal and remembrance. In the reading from the Book of Exodus, we hear instructions about gathering for the Passover meal. It ends with the injunction: “This day shall be a day of remembrance for you.” In the second reading from the First Letter of Saint Paul to the Corinthians we hear how, on the night he was betrayed, Jesus gathered his disciples for a meal, offered his body and blood and said, “Do this in remembrance of me.” The reading from Saint Luke’s Gospel offers us one of the versions of what happened on that night when Jesus was betrayed. There was gathering and a common meal, and Jesus asking his disciples to continue to do so in remembrance of him.

In this sense remembrance is not simply about recalling or returning or recreating the past. Remembrance is an active process of bringing an event from the past into the present moment, that it may have a continuing effect and impact on our lives. There is something about the human condition that hungers for remembrance because remembrance feeds and nourishes life.

So here we are, at the beginning of these most holy days of remembrance in the Christian tradition. In many ways the stories of these holy days tell themselves. It had felt almost superfluous to say anymore. That is until something caught my attention this last Palm Sunday of the Passion during the Liturgy of the Palms, which here we do in Pilgrim Hall. It was the collect. You know how you can hear something a hundred times, and still, on one occasion, hear something in it you feel you have never heard before. That was my experience this last Sunday. The collect prays: “Assist us mercifully with your help, O Lord God of our salvation, that we may enter with joy upon the contemplation of those mighty acts, whereby you have given us life and immortality: through Jesus Christ our Lord.” “That we may enter with joy.” Now, I have often wished people a blessed or a meaningful Holy Week. But it has never occurred to me to wish anyone a joyous Holy Week. So, I’ve been reflecting on that quite a bit ever since. Why are we to enter with joy into a week of fear, betrayal, darkness, emptiness, pain, and violence? The answer is, of course, because the story does not end there.

Judas will betray him. The other disciples will not keep awake and wait with him as he asks them to do. Peter, despite his promises, will deny him. So, Jesus will die because he will be betrayed, deserted, and denied by his followers.

But Jesus will also die because of the scheming of his enemies. His ever-escalating conflict with the powerful will reach its final stage. The chief priests and the scribes have been looking for an opportunity to kill him. His encounter with Pilate will prove that empire is more interested in keeping peace and order, than pursuing justice. So, Jesus will die because his message and his way of being has provoked his powerful enemies.

But Jesus will also die because of his self-giving love. The same Jesus who at the beginning of the gospel account performs remarkable healings, feedings, exorcisms, and authoritative teachings will now be placed under arrest, mocked, beaten and crucified. But Jesus’ life will not be taken from him. Oh no, it will be given by him. That’s the meaning of tonight’s Gospel lesson from Saint Luke. His offering of bread and wine signifies the offering of his own body and blood, and it is firmly stated when he says he came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life in obedience to the one he called “Abba”. So, Jesus died because he chose to give his life for others.

And, so, on these most holy days we are invited to experience the interplay that takes us from celebration to desolation, from joy to sorrow, from affirmation to betrayal. It is the interplay that reminds us of our inability to commit ourselves fully to the will of God, especially when our self-interest is at stake. It is the interplay that reminds us that those who claim to follow Jesus are capable of betrayal. It is the interplay that warns us against the paranoid violence of empire, the greed of corrupt governments, and the dangers of self-interest among the religious elite.

The same crowd who shouted “Hosanna” last Sunday will shout “crucify him” tomorrow, and we are that crowd. We cannot distance ourselves from the shouts of praise or the shouts of insults and rage. And the unfathomable thing is that we, who through our actions shout “Hosanna, and then “Crucify him”, can still come to the table time and time again and in the breaking of bread meet Jesus, who suffered, so that when we are suffering we know God is with us through our suffering. We, who through our actions shout “Hosanna, and then “Crucify him”, can still come to the table time and time again and in the breaking of bread meet Jesus, who was utterly alone toward the end of the story, so that when we feel alone we know God is with us in our aloneness. We, who through our actions shout “Hosanna, and then “Crucify him”, can still come to the table time and time again and in the breaking of bread meet Jesus, who cried out in despair, so that when we feel ready to give up, we know that God holds onto us. We, who through our actions shout “Hosanna, and then “Crucify him”, can still come to the table time and time again and in the breaking of bread meet Jesus, who died, so that we know God understands death, and the fear of death, and reminds us that death does not have the last word. We, who through our actions shout “Hosanna, and then “Crucify him”, can still come to the table time and time again and in the breaking of bread meet Jesus, who meets us exactly where we are, just the way we are, with open arms.

And why? Because we are known by God, whose love is the only unconditional love we will ever have; a love that surpasses all understanding. We are known by God, who came into humanity in the form of Jesus and humbled himself, and became obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross, so that we might live in hope and courage, and love. Can we comprehend it? We don’t have to. All we need to do is enter with joy into the mystery, ponder it, bear witness to it, proclaim it, and submit ourselves to it.

So let us joyfully gather in remembrance and be fed by the stories of those mighty acts of divine love so that they wash over us, break our hearts open, and become our own, because we are people of the resurrection. We know that these coming days will take us into darkness and despair, but on Sunday that Easter fire will be kindled, and we will hear the Exsultet. ¡Que así sea en el nombre del Padre, del Hijo y del Espíritu Santo! ~Amen+

Tuesday, March 19, 2024

The Feast of Saint Joseph - March 19, 2024

Holy Cross Monastery, West Park, NY

Br. Bernard Delcourt
The Feast of Saint Joseph, March 19, 2024

 Click here for an audio of the sermon

Hail, Joseph, full of grace, the Lord is with you. Blessed
are you among men. Pray for us sinners, now and at the
hour of our death. Amen.
 
I would be remiss if I didn’t wish a blessed name day and
a happy birthday to our Brother Josép, named after
today’s celebrated Saint!

I too have an old fondness for Saint Joseph. His name was that of my maternal grandfather. Grandad Joseph died two days after my birth. I only came to know him through my family’s stories about him. In my childhood, he was a quasi-mythical figure in my conscience. He was deeply beloved by my elders. I had dreams about him.
And Saint Joseph is the patron saint of my native Belgium. Because of these connections, his name always
carried the notion of loving, provident responsibility for
me.

In my imagination, Joseph of Nazareth is a young, warm, caring, and cheerful man with a make do attitude. He is not the stern and ancient man so often portrayed. He is a man with full agency who listens to God in his life. He is a man who diligently complies with God’s wishes. And he wonderfully brings that to fruition in raising God’s Son as his own. We have a lot to be grateful to St Joseph for. Joseph of Nazareth is not unlike his namesake in the Hebrew bible, Joseph, son of Jacob. The Joseph of the
Hebrew scriptures was also a dreamer and a discerner of God’s will. And he too, was an instrument of salvation for God’s people. Joseph of Nazareth listens to God’s will in no less than four dreams. And each time, he doesn’t dawdle wondering about the validity or the meaning of the message. He promptly puts God’s stated will into action. Joseph is obedient to God. He is a good model for us monks, who vow to put
obedience in practice in our lives.

I also love the idea that, as a foster father, Joseph did not need to genetically resemble Jesus and Mary. They could be very different and yet be a family bonded to God and to one another. In the TV series “The Chosen,” Joseph is portrayed as an Eastern African black man who is devoted to Mary and to their son-to-be. He acts as a midwife to Mary and helps her to bring Jesus into the world. I imagine Joseph and Mary as nurturing the intimacy of fellow accomplices in God’s grand design of Incarnation. They have risked so much together. They are witnessing such awesome signs and mysteries together. They probably pondered the many wonders of their son, of God’s Son, with one another. They must have been puzzled more than once. But they raised Jesus as best they could. How much of Jesus’ wisdom, caring and wit was transmitted to Him by his earthly parents? Not a little, is my guess.

Without Joseph’s humility and devotion to his family, how would have God’s desire for his Son unfolded? We need to emulate this great saint in dedicating ourselves entirely to the love and service of God. And just like Joseph, this may come to the price of self- effacement and near-cancellation in the eyes of those who choose to assess our worth. In this too, Saint Joseph is a good model for monks. He is a model of faithful humility. In all of Joseph and Mary’s story, God is present all along. God has been there, from generation to generation. And God is now revealing Godself through the dedication of Joseph and Mary to their growing boy. Mary was given a choice by an angel and said: “be it to me according to your word.”
Joseph was given a choice by an angel in a dream. He woke up and went to work to make it as the angel had instructed; without a question or objection. Joseph was true and just before the Lord. He too was
chosen for an immense duty, and he fulfilled it beautifully. He protected his family and ensured that the
Savior of the world would grow and become who he was destined to be. So, we can be sure that Joseph taught Jesus more than how to smooth a plank with a plane. There was more to his foster parenthood than carpentry, no matter what idyllic images it conjures up.

Saint Joseph, pray for us, that we may love your foster son Yeshua with dedication and humility. Keep us attentive to how God wants us too to be instruments of His Love.

Amen.


Sunday, March 17, 2024

Lent 5 B - March 17, 2024

Holy Cross Monastery, West Park, NY

Br. Aidan Owen
The Fifth Sunday in Lent B, March 17, 2024

 Click here for an audio of the sermon

In my prayer and preaching this Lent, I’ve been following the throughline of covenant. Our readings have told the story of God’s continual refinement of her covenant, which begins with Noah as the representative of the whole creation (very important that we recover that ecological understanding) and follows through God’s promise to Abraham and Sarah, and then in the giving of the law through Moses on Mt. Sinai. At each point along the way, the people violate this sacred covenantal relationship with God. But rather than abandon them (us), God rejigs the covenant.

This reworking on God’s part is itself a revelation of divine love. God’s promise becomes more and more specific as it moves from the whole creation, symbolized by a beautiful sign in the sky, into the stone tablets of the law. That specificity is meant, not as a prison for human agency, but as a grace that can lead to our freedom. 

Infected as we are with a radical protestant reading of Paul, we have often come to view the law, and therefore the covenant, as a dead thing in opposition to the living spirit. But, of course, our Jewish ancestors in the faith knew, just as our Jewish siblings still know, that the law and the covenant that it represents was and is a means of grace, a beautiful and life-giving doorway into the full flowering of the life of God. If they and we know the law more in its violation than in its keeping, that has everything to do with human frailty—and yet even our failure to keep the law opens us more and more to God’s abundant mercy.

This morning we hear God’s promise, given through Jeremiah, to refine the covenant yet once more: “I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people. No longer shall they teach one another, or say to each other ‘Know the Lord,’ for they shall all know me.” Where once God made her covenant with one person on behalf of the whole creation, now God promises to write that covenant on every single heart. Where once God mediated the covenant through law written on stone tablets, now God promises to write that law on the tablets of our hearts. Where once the elders conveyed knowledge of God to their people, now God promises to be so close to her people that everyone will know God in the innermost part of their being. God will be closer to us than our own breath, and every heartbeat will whisper her name.

Of course, we know how well that worked out. We have only to look around us at the world we have created to see that even God’s indwelling presence cannot guarantee our virtue. Even written on the tablet of our heart, the law cannot corral this restless human nature of ours. But God’s mercy is such that God chooses to leave us free to choose whether and how to respond to God’s love. So that, whether we conform to God’s way or violate it, we are steeped in mercy.

In her new book Reading Genesis, Marilynne Robinson writes “The old Christian theologies spoke of felix culpa, the fortunate fall. This is in effect another name for human agency, responsibility, even freedom. If we could do only what God wills, we would not be truly free, though to discern the will of God and act on it is freedom. Our human nature as fallen and our human nature as divine have a dynamic […] relation with each other, meeting at infinity, perhaps.”

Our total freedom to choose either good or evil, life or death, is perhaps God’s greatest mercy to us. Our lives and our choices are not predetermined. Yes, we know that we are all driven by instinctual forces, manipulated by past traumas and the unmet needs of our child selves, shaped by beliefs so deeply held as to be shadows on the wall of our consciousness. And yet, we are not now, nor have we ever been, predetermined or predestined. We are radically, frighteningly, and miraculously free. 

I can say with certainty that it is a miracle some of us are here today worshipping and loving and laughing and singing and not dead or in prison or drugged into oblivion. Because yes, we may be assaulted daily by the shadows of the past and the urges of our unmet longings and the compulsions the advertisers stir up in us, and yet still there remains that quiet tapping on the inner chamber of our hearts, that whisper of a voice that calls our name if get quiet enough to hear it.

Jesus himself offers us this example in this morning’s complex and rich passage from John. It’s one of the few times we hear something of Jesus’ inner thoughts. He knows that he is nearing his death and, in that death, the fulfilling of God’s purpose for him. Human as he is, he shows some reticence to accept death. But then he chooses actively to surrender himself to God’s will. That choice is not incidental. It is everything! Jesus has a choice. Like us, he has total freedom to walk away. Without that freedom, his obedience to God would be a puppet show, and his death and resurrection would mean nothing at all. His radical freedom—and ours—are the fountain from which the living waters of God’s love flow into our hearts. 

We might wonder how Jesus comes to be able to surrender himself to God’s purpose. The clue is in the voice from heaven. Each time that voice has echoes in the scriptures, it proclaims God’s love for Jesus, calling him the beloved child—first at his baptism and then at his transfiguration. By now it would see the mere echo of God’s voice in the thunder above him reminds Jesus of who and whose he is. And like the voice of a loving parent, God’s voice settles Jesus enough to choose once more the path of self-giving love.

This is the kind of obedience to which God calls us—not slavish or begrudging or tepid—but born from the sure knowledge that God loves us and wills for us our salvation and our healing. God desires nothing less than to drive the ruler of this world from our hearts and our lives, so that, like Jesus, we can lay down our lives for the world in radical and miraculous freedom. We can think of obedience as a chore, some kind of boring or difficult task that we know we need to do but would rather not. But the very fact that we can obey is itself God’s grace to us, the freedom of the children of God written on the flesh of our hearts.

I know that our lives are challenging. Often they’re boring, too. Sometimes they’re painful. And sometimes, hopefully more and more as we grow in Christ, our lives shine out with the radiance of God’s love and we hear in the thunder above us the reassurance that yes, we, too, are God’s beloved children. Our lives, in all their complexity, are God’s grace to us, and we can choose to see and celebrate and cultivate that grace, a freedom that is itself grace and opens the way to more grace. Because the more we learn to recognize God’s mercy to us, the more we come to see that everything, absolutely everything is grace. It is a miracle to be alive, my brothers and sisters. You are God’s miracle and God’s promise. 

Sunday, March 10, 2024

Lent 4 B - March 10, 2024

Holy Cross Monastery, West Park, NY

Br. Samuel Kennedy
The Fourth Sunday in Lent B, March 10, 2024

 

Click here for an audio of the sermon



I found today’s Gospel passage to be a challenging one to work with.  It contains some of Jesus’ most well-known words — words that are beautiful, gentle, and hopeful.  But, if you are like me, it’s hard to hear them afresh and anew, given how they’ve made a near ubiquitous appearance at every major sporting event in this country for at least as long as I’ve been alive, and are so often coopted by troubled and challenging theologies of salvation.  While I don’t think one homily, especially one I’ve written, is going to be able to free this passage from its complicated cultural reception history, I hope we can even momentarily experience it for the breath of fresh, life-giving air it was intended to be.

Jesus begins this portion of his discourse with Nicodemus in a bit of a strange place — with a reference to the first lesson we heard read this morning — a relatively obscure story from the book of Numbers. In our Gospel lesson, we heard Jesus say, “Just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so must the son of man be lifted up, that whoever believes in him may have eternal life.”

The passage from Numbers places us in the middle of the wilderness after the children of Israel’s liberation from slavery in Egypt. The people were exhausted, tired, and not shy about expressing their discontent.  “Why have you brought us out of Egypt to die in this wilderness, without fresh food or water, and the food we’ve got to eat is just miserable.”  In the story as told in Numbers, God gets irritated with the people's complaining and grumbling and sends a plague of venomous serpents among them.  The serpents bite, injure, and kill many of the people.  As their suffering mounts, the people begin to beg Moses for forgiveness, and what God tells Moses to do, to free the people from their suffering — is fascinating. God tells Moses to create a serpent of bronze an image of the agent of their suffering, and if the people would but look upon the image, they would find healing and relief.  
Now the concept we see playing out in this text seems to be based upon a principle commonly held in many ancient systems of medicine where a small amount of a poisonous or virulent substance would be used to counteract a larger dose of the poison or virulent substance itself.  It’s not entirely dissimilar from the concept of vaccines where, we take a a tiny subset of that which would harm us — perhaps a few unique surface proteins from a virus, if you will, to provide us with protection from overwhelming infection.   

Fine and dandy you say, but why is Jesus referencing this principle when he is explaining the way of salvation to Nicodemus, a leader among the Pharisees?
Chapter 3 of the Gospel of John opens with Jesus describing the path of conversion as a process of rebirth.  This metaphor was understandably confusing to Nicodemus, so Jesus tried again here, to describe how the way of salvation he was proclaiming worked.

“Just as Moses lifted the serpent in the wilderness, so must the son of man be lifted up, that whoever believes in him will not perish but have everlasting life.  For God loved the world in this way, that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him, will not perish, but have everlasting life.”  

It’s a condensed soteriology to be sure.  But before we can discuss the nature of the cure, it would be good to remind ourselves of the malady — the fiery serpents —  we are being delivered from.

A crisis of belonging has “ailed” us since the dawn of our human story — this sense of estrangement that is coupled with a longing to belong —to belong within our community, with our God, and with ourselves.    We see these tensions echoed in our sacred texts as early as the story of Adam and Eve.  A fundamental challenge that we have is that we seem to be nearly hard-wired to conceive of belonging as a limited resource, and we tend to turn our efforts to obtain that limited resource into a zero-sum competition with those around us.
One of philosopher René Girard’s key insights was that we humans tend to build social cohesion — our sense of belonging — on the back of exclusion. And these dynamics work themselves out no matter how large or how small the community is — be it as large as a nation state or as small as a family, or a group of friends.  As rivalry and competition grow within the community (along with their attendant social tensions and, in some cases, violence) human societies will often select a scapegoat —a person or group who is blamed for the turmoil and conflicts within the community. The scapegoat becomes the target for all of that collective blame and hostility, and is often subjected to violence or expulsion as a means of purging the community of its tensions and conflicts.  

This often happens subconsciously, but the striking thing is that this process works — at least temporarily.  For a season, social cohesion and sense of safety in belonging are restored, but in the long run, this mechanism only perpetuates cycles of violence, as the social order, the “sense of safe belonging,” is maintained via cycles of ritual expulsion and violence.  The irony of building community by this mechanism is that one is never actually ever safe — subconsciously we all know that we might find ourselves selected for expulsion at the next round of sacrifice— and this leads to deep, subconscious anxiety at both the group and individual levels.

And we participate, I participate, in these patterns of scapegoating and sacrifice all the time.

“The Gospels show us that Jesus understands this mechanism,” of inclusion via exclusion; (Allison, 152-153) of maintaining social cohesion and order through expulsion, and Jesus understands that the religious and political structures of this world depend on this mechanism and therefore often unconsciously shore up these sacrificial cycles.  Through his life and ministry, Jesus lures the mechanism and these institutions into behaving according to their usual patterns, and that, predictably, gets him killed.  He dies a death of shame and suffering on the edges of the City —lifted high on the beams of a cross.  
Jesus dies, as countless others have and will continue to die — alone, expelled, and rejected. In fact, even at his death he’s surrounded by two others suffering a fate the same as his— a death on the fringes of society, having been sacrificed to the idols of shaky social cohesion and fragile political peace.
But Jesus endures this precisely in order to reveal that the whole exercise is unnecessary — to reveal to us that there exists the possibility of another way of being together. With Jesus’ reference to the story of the fiery serpents, it’s as if he is saying, “My death is going to look like the very thing that plagues you — it is going to look like one more ritual expulsion, one more sacrifice,” but, this time, because the Victim is the very wellspring of life himself, his death strips the sacrificial system of its imagined divine imprimatur allowing it to begin to wither from the roots up.

“For God loved the world in this way, that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him, will not perish, but have everlasting [overflowing, abundant] life.”  

“Indeed, God did not send the Son into the world to condemn the world, but in order that the world might be saved through him.”

The only One who very rightly could judge us and condemn us via exclusion has done precisely the opposite. Instead of excluding us, he has instead welcomed us into a state of beloved belonging that is grounded securely in the unending flow of the life and love of the Trinity.
We are welcomed into the light of beloved belonging.  

As verse 21 reminds us, it is a bright, revealing light — a light where we are seen for who we are, faults and all, the good, the bad, and the ugly.  But what this light most clearly reveals is just how deeply we are loved.  And because it is the light of beloved belonging, we can stand in that light with hope and rest and freedom from fear.  And now that we are set free from the need to cast others out to secure our own place in this community, we can instead, stand like Jesus did with outstretched arms inviting others off of the sacrificial altars of our own making and into this marvelous light of beloved belonging.  If that isn’t a life that pulsates with the rhythms of eternity, I don’t know what is.
So the next time we see John 3:16 emblazoned on a placard behind home plate, may we remember that we, the real us, the us with all our faults and imperfections stand in that eternal light of beloved belonging and what it reveals most clearly is just how deeply we are loved.

Sunday, March 3, 2024

Lent 3 B - March 3, 2024

Holy Cross Monastery, West Park, NY

Br. Robert Leo Sevensky
The Third Sunday in Lent B, March 3, 2024

 

Click here for an audio of the sermon


Growing up in a Catholic tradition which expected regular confession, generally monthly, starting at about the age of eight, I was introduced to the Ten Commandments not only in what were called catechism classes on Saturday mornings, but also through the practice of the so-called ‘examination of conscience’ which was to precede confession.  The main tool in this practice of examining your life to see ways in which you might have fallen short or fallen into sin was usually through a list of questions based on the Ten Commandments. The list was extensive and at times rather creative. Under one or another of the commandments, all sorts of sins or peccadillos were listed. For example, under the commandment which directed that we do not take the name of the Lord in vain were questions such as: have I cursed or used the name of Jesus in anger or frustration? Or have I made fun of holy things, whether it be a passage of scripture or a liturgical peculiarity. There was a certain usefulness to this exercise, but I came to realize that perhaps these many questions are not the point of the Ten Commandments, and that my anguished personal scrutiny was perhaps like looking through the wrong end of a telescope, focusing as it did on the personal and interpersonal world and pretty much ignoring totally the social, political, economic, or cultural landscape.  And really, how much unnecessary worry did I, at age eight, expend over whether I had indeed committed adultery? 

But if the Ten Commandments are not primarily a guide to personal behavior—and I emphasize the word ‘primarily’—then what is their point? Old Testament scholar Walter Brueggemann offers one possibility. In a podcast posted[i] earlier this past week online and titled “Strategies for Staying Emancipated” Professor Brueggemann connects the Ten Commandments to the liberation of the Hebrews from generations of slavery in Egypt. God gives the commandments to the Hebrew people through Moses towards the end of their years of wandering in the wilderness after leaving Egypt and they mark the covenant and the beginning their life as a self-defining community. If I may quote:

“… the Ten Commandments are strategies for staying emancipated once you get away from Pharaoh. This new strategy, first of all, says you have to honor God—that’s the first three commandments—to the exclusion of every idol, every “ism” such as racism, or sexism, or nationalism, or the worship of stuff that is rare or precious or attractive or beautiful or empowering.

“The new strategy means in the Ten Commandments to take the neighbor with utmost seriousness. So, the last five commandments are all about the neighbor and treating neighbors with legitimacy and dignity and viability and especially disadvantaged neighbors--not to violate the neighbor for the sake of greed.

“And between these two commandments of honoring God and taking the neighbor seriously, at the center of the Ten Commandments, is Sabbath day.  Keep Sabbath: take a break from the rat race of busyness and exhaustion and do not let Pharaoh define your life.” 

In short, for Brueggemann the Ten Commandments are a survival plan for a recently liberated people.  And long before serving for an individual’s examination of conscience, they are a social and communal document, a clarion call away from a mentality of enslavement toward survival and flourishing as a people, as a nation, as a human family, as God's children.

We could easily spend hours—or a lifetime—examining the way this plays out concretely in our shared existence. The demand to have no other God, no idol, but solely the God who liberates is a reminder that we are tempted to seek our security in what will never make for safety or for human thriving in the long run. As Brueggemann says, we are tempted to all sorts of isms. But only in understanding ourselves as journeying under the hand and eye of a liberating God will we find the security we yearn for. And by “we” I mean everyone. And the demand to treat our neighbor with integrity, to honor and preserve life and that which makes life sustainable, the demand to honor relationships and commitments, and the demand to not be enslaved by our desires are the very stuff that makes a healthy human society possible. As is the establishment of Sabbath rest that is not so much about worship as it is about refusing to be enslaved to the ethic of Pharaoh who demanded work 24/7 of his Hebrew conscripts.

All three elements, all three kinds of commandments, are necessary if this is to work. We need to be rooted and grounded in a liberating and loving God, in a transcendent vision and reality, if we're not to ignore our responsibilities to our neighbors and to ourselves. And to do this, we need time—Sabbath time—time to step back and see how this working out, time to catch our breath, and remembering that everyone else is a free person deserving of that same rest. Again, to quote Brueggemann: “These commands might be taken not as a series of rules, but as a proclamation in God's own mouth of who God is and how God shall be ‘practiced’ by this community of liberated slaves."[ii]  And we are all liberated slaves.

Yet another commentator notes that these very terse, very pointed commandments, these directives, need to be fleshed out. They're more like social policy statements than detailed action plans. Our task as human beings and as people of faith is to determine how we apply them to form societies or cultures where people can grow and flourish and where we can shape our own life within that container. There is a long history of case law or casuistry based on the Commandments. You have only to skim the next few chapters of Exodus to see example after example. And if we are awake, we are faced with its challenges daily. How do we apply the commandments in our own day? What, for example, does bearing false witness mean in a society such as ours where “truthiness” has become a substitute for truth and where fake news inundates us. What does stealing or killing or adultery mean in a society and a world where people are denied dignity, and the material means to live a dignified life, and respect for the integrity of commitments and relationships which are its foundation? And just what is coveting anyway? It has taken me a few decades to wrap my mind around that. I now understand it not as simply being attracted to someone or something but becoming fixated on it and obsessed by it, wanting it so bad that you’re willing to do almost anything to obtain it.  Our commandment doesn’t resolve this dynamic for us, of course, but it may serve to warn us: “Watch out!  You’re on shaky ground. This is not the path that leads to life, but to death.”  And not only us but our culture with its emphasis on having, using, possessing no matter what the cost and no matter what the consequences. And just so with all the commandments.

We began this morning's Eucharist with a penitential order where we heard what is often called the Summary of the Law. They are the words of Jesus as reported in Saint Mark’s gospel, though they are not original with him: “The first commandment is this: Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God is the only Lord. Love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, with all your mind and with all your strength. The second is this: Love your neighbor as yourself.  There is no other commandment greater than these.”   How true it is that in the end all the commandments, all the advice, all the ethical guidelines, all the rules and goodwill come down to this: You shall love. You shall love God. You shall love your neighbor. As the rabbis would say, the rest is commentary and application.

And our work is cut out for us.

Amen.



[i] https://day1.org/weekly-broadcast/5d9b820ef71918cdf2004215/walter_brueggemann_strategies_for_staying_emancipated?fbclid=IwAR15SUSjvUPndG8baHs3pHwSwYXvpPSl7jthFQxUuLZ4T8Dy-5lsPjKyCJI

[ii] The New Interpreter’s Bible, Vol. 1 (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1964), p. 841